The Russian sturgeon is one of the most numerous representatives of the genus Acipenser. This fish can be successfully bred on its mini-farm using closed-circuit water supply installations - UZV (they allow not only to speed up the process, but also to increase productivity) or in an artificial pond. If you have knowledge of breeding technology and maintain optimal conditions, you can create a highly profitable business based on this idea.
Aran caviar is already sold in many delicacies and the best restaurants in Catalonia, Aragon, Valencia and Madrid. Half of the products are exported to France and Japan. For its high price - 100 euros per kilogram, a tasty delicacy is not within the reach of all tastes. But the Iranian beluga is bought in stores at a price of between 000 euros per kilogram.
In Spain, only caviar is produced in the Woods, Sierra Nevada and Navarre. The most striking thing about this fish farm in Lesa is that it is integrated into the industrial ecopark of three companies of the same group, which complement each other in terms of raw materials and waste disposal.
How to grow sturgeon at home?
The sturgeon inhabits the basins of the Black, Azov and Caspian seas, the rivers flowing into them, creating local fish herds. The body of the individual has an elongated, spindle-shaped form, the snout is short, blunt. Coloring can vary greatly, as a rule, it is grayish-black, grayish-brown.
It is the only one that develops its entire life cycle in fresh water. In Spain, only caviar is produced in Sierra Nevada, Navarre and Le. The process of breeding sturgeon begins with the introduction of fry in the pools, about a thousand bought in France or Italy. Captive breeding allows you to control the entire process of fattening and guarantees the quality of the product.
Once in the pools, the process of fattening begins, which will last about seven years - the time that women take to reach puberty. Only then can the caviar be extracted, from which a rich delicacy is obtained. The problem of sturgeon breeding is that there is no sexual dimorphism between males and females. From the age of three, ultrasounds or biopsies can be differentiated, and it is then that separation occurs.
Dilution of sturgeon at home is possible only under the condition of ensuring optimal environmental conditions. You can create them in an artificial pond or equip the installation of a closed water supply. For the installation of the latter will need a land plot with a room or insulated frameless hangar. The area should not be less than 30 m², the best option is 100 m². To the building, it is imperative to conduct electricity, plumbing, sewage, provide heating (this can be done with your own hands).
Like the pig, sturgeon also uses everything. Of males, meat and females, in addition, caviar. They produce two sets a year, in spring and autumn, and during slaughter they usually weigh from 7 to 13 kilograms. About 800 grams of caviar is extracted from each animal. Caviar production is about 800 kilograms, half to the national market.
In Asia, it is produced in large quantities, but its quality leaves much to be desired, because the water is not as crystalline as ours. It's cheaper, but worse quality, says Tony Portalo, a biologist and plant manager. The sale price of Arabian caviar is 100 Euro per kilogram and is sold on different weights. We never think that our caviar would have such a recognition.
But when creating a sturgeon reservoir, special attention should be paid to the layout of the ground bed, the provision of good water supply and the possibility of water discharge. It is good if the land plot will have a natural dimple or a ravine shape with a gentle slope, a slight longitudinal slope. If it is not possible to maintain the optimum water temperature in winter, the sturgeon should be moved to the pool and returned to the pond only in spring (a few days before it is necessary to increase the salinity of the water - up to 5%). In addition to these options, it is possible to breed sturgeon in heat sinks near power plants. So it is easier to provide the optimum temperature. The growth rate of fish stock is uneven, but on average they gain 500 g in 6-8 months.
This meat with a flavor between white halibut and sea bass is characterized by its consistency and low fat content, as well as the large presence of omega-3 acid, which, according to experts, prevents cardiovascular diseases and reduces cholesterol.
The price of meat is 20 euros per kilogram in fresh and smoked, sold at 8 euros per 150 grams. There is an average number of sturgeon on a fish farm in Lesa, which is considered suitable for their development, since a higher density will emphasize them and reduce the quality of caviar. In captivity, sturgeon feed on composite and ecological feed before monitoring their nutritional characteristics.
To turn sturgeon breeding into a profitable business and make it legal, you need to legally formalize your activities. Owners of domestic fish farms work on the second group of taxation on a single tax. Classification of Economic Activities (KVED) - freshwater fish farming, aquaculture. SES will not check the home farm, but for the veterinary service it is necessary to prepare a certificate of Form No. 1 for planting material, a certificate for feed and to know that a water sample will be taken. In order to obtain a conclusion from the veterinary inspection permitting the sale of sturgeon, it is necessary to provide several kilograms of products for analysis. will not be held, since from January 1, 2016 to the end of 2018, scheduled inspections of organizations, entrepreneurs in small businesses are prohibited.
Our breeding system is based on reproducing sturgeon’s natural habitat conditions, paying particular attention to the water temperature captured from the Garonne River, feeding and the well-being of fish. The process of developing and packing caviar completely self made. It is very expensive, more like a ritual, and it contributes to its increase. After the caviar is removed, weighing, screening, washing and salting are carried out, while observing strict hygiene measures, since caviar, as it is fat, is a product susceptible to contamination by odors, bacteria and other flavors.
Commodity sturgeon culture has begun to actively develop over the past 10-15 years. For the first time, they were engaged in countries where natural resources are limited (USA, Western Europe). The opening of a fish farm is a profitable enterprise, because in many regions it is very limited, and the implementation is seasonal or spontaneous. There are many examples of successful implementation of this business idea in Russia.
Fish care
After draining and before final packaging, the product remains for one to nine months in maturing jars. Time will depend on the tastes of the gourmet or the client. More mature, mellow taste. If it is crisp, it is that it has matured a little time. A sturgeon breeding project along the Tajuna River was presented and should be subjected to a routine environmental impact assessment in order to have a “significant environmental impact” and preserve the concerns expressed by various administrations in their reports.
The board: to reduce the effects of stress factors - the use of feeds that are not typical of fish, the effects of fish farming manipulations (weighing, sorting) - it is desirable to include probiotics in food.
Equipment for breeding sturgeon at home, price
Installation of a closed water supply consists of the following parts:
The plan provides for the production of 110 tons of sturgeon and caviar from the seventh year. This is the basic data. A company that exploits a rainbow trout farm in the Takhunia River, in Valderrebollo, presented on September 30 a project to replace the current trout production with other more profitable fish: sturgeon.
The study suggests that sturgeon meat may be in four years, and the production of expensive caviar will come from the seventh year. Production can reach up to 110 tons per year with environmental certification and without increasing the production of rainbow trout biomass, which implies a reduction in the production of this latter species.
- Pools for sturgeon (one costs about 14 thousand per 3 m³, 4-10 of them will be needed). They look like containers made of fiberglass and other materials, sometimes with observation windows. Pools should allow to quickly clean the water, see the herd well and not create traumatic situations (uneven rough surface, sharp corners).
- Pipelines (about 5 thousand rubles).
- Filtration system and pumps (100-500 thousand.). It includes an oxygen generator, mechanical and biofilter, UV installation. Need to remove excess feed, feces from the water.
Also at home can be installed emergency sturgeon life support system, water treatment unit (for disinfection, temperature control, water saturation with oxygen). There are ready-made fish farming modules on sale. Price (depending on performance) varies in the range from 200 to 750 thousand rubles. Electricity consumption averages 3.7-5.5 kWh. In addition to the basic components of the system, we need containers for transportation, disinfection of equipment, tables, cages, trays for breeding fry and hatching of larvae, fish screens, foam catchers. An artificial sturgeon breeding pond must also be equipped. Required components: filters, pump, ultraviolet lamps.
The provincial administration of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment has opened a corresponding environmental impact file, which provides the transmission of applications to all competent administrative authorities directly connected with municipalities and accredited environmental organizations.
The above study must be prepared by the promoter and must be submitted within a maximum period of three months. In this case, the company will have to solve the problem of repair, which is important if the administration submitted an application.
Experienced fish farmers say that to create a home farm will take about 3 thousand dollars for the purchase of equipment and an average of $ 1000 for the purchase of fry, feed.
The board: some equipment for breeding sturgeon is quite realistic to do it yourself (pool, biofilter, heating system). Instructions for making can be found online in specialized forums, sites, in the profile literature.
Examine the effect of a possible leak. Environmental research should take into account the impact of a possible leak not only in the segment of the adjacent river, but also in the context of the reservoirs located below the basin. Therefore, it should describe in detail all existing and planned means, as well as management procedures, in order to avoid the release of objects from the objects into the natural environment.
In the Tajunya river section, adjacent to the fishery, there is a common trout, and there are several carp populations; all species are at risk of potential attachment to predatory species, such as sturgeon. "It is not considered insured that voluntary sturgeon shoots do not occur."
In order to minimize risks and clearly understand the stages of development of a sturgeon farm at home, it is worthwhile, where all the nuances, the necessary costs and the expected profitability will be taken into account.
DIY food for sturgeon
The speed and quality of growth of fish is directly dependent on nutrition. Special equipment will help to accurately meter out every meal at home, and special filters will clean water from food residues and waste products in time. All processes in closed water installations are automated, and sensors monitor hydrochemical indicators of water. Most novice fish farmers prefer to provide adults and young animals with dry granulated mixed fodder. But you can make them yourself.
And he adds: “It is not considered certain that the voluntary escapes of sturgeon on the Tagunya River in eggs or adults do not occur due to, among other things, avenues, broken nets, etc.”. In fact, remember that 8 or 10 years ago from the fishing farm to the river mentioned there were shoots of rainbow trout, "being able to take shoots seriously, given the longevity of the species." On the other hand, the report of the Directorate for Agriculture and the Environment warns that "there may be problems of transmission of diseases due to its direct burial in the Tajun".
The board: The optimum temperature for sturgeon breeding is 20-22 ° C.
There is no consensus on what proportions and composition of feed are the best. Every experienced fish farmer has his own opinion on this. But the optimal power schedule has long been developed. Fry should eat up to 12 times a day, adults - 6, preferably at the same time, then reduce the frequency of food intake. The daily rate is calculated according to special feed tables, for example, Ponomarev. Food is given in small portions, watching for palatability. It is important to know that different feeds have their own particle or granule size:
And he does not consider the spill sufficiently explained, which will occur at different stages of its production; or if there is a risk that sturgeon ripen and reproduce in an uncontrolled manner, “going straight to the river Tajunya, not held by nets, as well as small fish”. In his opinion, the proposed grille "does not guarantee the absence of leaks in the event of a breakdown, a prospectus or vandalism."
How to start breeding sturgeon at home?
The provincial administration for education, culture and sports reports this project. Connected to the entire tach pool. The Faculty of Biology at Complutense University indicates that “all sturgeon species to be cultivated are exotic for the Iberian fauna, and the use of new species in aquaculture should be justified very accurately.” Thus, he recalls that the fish farm is located next to the Tajunya River in Valderrebollo, which connects the entire facility to the Tagu Basin and warns that “escaping exotic sturgeon to the river can mean serious problems for their native fish fauna through predatory interactions or through competition for space or food. "
- starting (for larvae, young);
- production (for commercial sturgeon).
They must contain a sufficient amount of protein, fat, fiber, lysine, phosphorus. If you have experience nutritional mixtures can be done independently. Sturgeon (young) sturgeon feed on Artemia crustaceans, tubers, oligochaeta, daphnia zooplankton. After gaining more than 35 g of weight, start feeding is given. At the initial stage it is better to use production products. Over time, adults can be fed with self-made nutritional mixes at home. They are made from minced fish, special flour, egg powder, yeast and premix (a mixture of dietary supplements, vitamins, minerals for enrichment of food). also in different recipes often includes wheat, peas, soy sprat. The diet can be enriched with silkworms, Artemia, chlorella.
The file indicates the presence of jobs, but does not indicate their number or the economic benefits that they intend to receive. In Spain, there are already several fish farms intended for sturgeon breeding. Without pretending that information has returned to fuel scientific and administrative disputes that have not been resolved in Andalusia for more than two decades. The text, moreover, carries other errors that also feed some confusion on a subject that requires only the opposite.
Breeding sturgeon: Video
On Sunday, in the kitchen, you should fire him as deserved, making the weekend taste a little more. Packages of these ocean vegetables can be found in large supermarkets and in organic and natural food stores. He leaves and reserves, not giving him very cold. A betting mix, as it deserves, Don Domingo. This is the second collection of pearls.
It is convenient to organize a fish-breeding farm in a country house or in a village where there is a required territory and the necessary conditions. In addition to this option, there are other opportunities to start, for example, to do vegetables, strawberries in a greenhouse,.
Is sturgeon breeding at home beneficial?
Before opening your fish farm, it is important to determine the target market. Sturgeon is considered an industrially valuable fish. It gives the opportunity to obtain products such as:
Another classic that we all heard at the mouth of the methodologist. But the mother of all pearls is located at the mouth of the simple light verb and the planetary dimension. In this case, my contribution moves away from new technologies in order to unite, in a strange marriage, physics and metaphysics. Why do we receive saints in a procession when it does not rain, or is it too raining?
What are these pilgrimages for? In addition to the value given by believers, the horns asking for rain, which the Catholic Church incorporates into its rituals from the fifth century, allow us to record periods of drought that were recorded at a time when there was no help from modern Measurement tools. Historical meteorology uses this and other curious documentary sources to try to establish the exact date when the episodes appeared where there was a decrease or increase in precipitation.
- meat (raw, frozen, salted, dried, smoked);
- spawn;
- glue (for the manufacture of swimming bubbles are used);
- foodstuff vigue (dorsal string).
As a rule, sturgeon is grown at home to a weight of 500-600 g and sold. This product is relevant for owners of restaurants, shops, supermarkets, wholesale organizations, it can also be successfully marketed in the market. Due to the downward trend in sturgeon stocks, prices for fish products are increasing annually. In America and Europe, the market price for 1 kg of sturgeon meat is $ 18-22. In the domestic market, the cost of sturgeon starts from 500 rubles. According to experts, a fish farm with a capacity of about 5 tons per year gives the owner a profit of up to 2.5 million rubles, and profitability can reach 50-60%. In addition to meat, fish farmers successfully sell caviar, whitebait.
To entreat divinity, which is generous and allows heaven to free abundant precipitation, perhaps the prayer that is present in all religions of the world throughout history. However, the organization of these requests to form part of the regulated liturgy is something exceptional among the great religions.
What may seem an anachronistic device still remains a living formula. The Vicariate General of the Diocese would clarify the instructions of this petition so that “in all masses and prayers the prayers of the community are brought up so that God, by His mercy, will deliver us from this calamity and bless us with the water we need”.
If the owner is not in a hurry to return the invested funds, then it is more profitable to keep the sturgeon on caviar. According to reviews of fish farmers for 1 kg it will be possible to help out $ 700-900. If necessary, RNKB Bank can issue "For Business Development" in the amount of 500,000 to 70,000,000 rubles. (repayment term - 6-60 months).
It is possible to create a profitable sturgeon farm through the installation of a closed water supply. It makes it possible to provide optimal conditions for the rapid growth of sturgeon in artificial conditions. The cost of the finished technological project for breeding, for example, 5 tons per year (taking into account the consultations and visits of specialists for setting up, launching the system) is not cheap. But you can create it with your own hands at home. Breeding sturgeon in installations of closed water supply allows you to greatly accelerate the growth of fish, to reduce the death compared with natural conditions.
The main conditions are the observance of the technology of breeding sturgeon in a closed cycle of water supply, optimization of the temperature regime. It is these parameters that provide favorable conditions for productive consumption, the use of feed, an increase in the rate of growth and development, and the consumption of oxygen. It is important to remember that significant fluctuations in temperature inhibit the growth of young. Also for the intensity of production at home is very important density parameters of planting and water oxygen saturation, the stability of hydrochemical parameters.
It is possible to increase the efficiency of artificial reproduction of sturgeon by changing the timing of obtaining of sexual products and breeding of larvae, young. Therefore, mini-farms should be equipped with special modules with controlled temperature. Keep broodstock and breeding young, preferably in water with high salinity.
In addition to meat, the owner of the farm will be able to sell caviar. But the process of growing it has its own characteristics. It is necessary to determine the sex at an early stage and separate the females into a separate herd. Under conditions of USS (as opposed to natural ones), the process of their maturation occurs faster due to the year-round content in water with the optimum temperature.
Modern technologies make it possible to create at home automated sturgeon production with minimal losses and good profits. The fish farm must be equipped with equipment that will create the most comfortable conditions for sturgeon breeding. Knowledge of technology and a preliminary search for the market will turn the business idea into a very profitable business.
Sterlet since ancient times was considered one of the most exquisite fish delicacies. This unique fish belongs to the sturgeon family. The body of the fish in length reaches up to sixty five centimeters, the weight can be ten kilograms. There are individuals and more, but are found only in the wild and it is quite rare.
Every year, starlets in the oceans and seas are getting smaller, for this reason, in order to increase the fish population and not let it disappear as a species, they began to grow it in artificial reservoirs both at home and on an industrial scale.
Some lovers of breeding sturgeon at home for their own pleasure, but others are engaged in its cultivation for sale, using this idea as a fairly profitable business.
Tanks and equipment and for growing sterlet
At the very beginning of the breeding of this sturgeon breed, you can not construct an artificial reservoir, but simply purchase a standard plastic pool one meter deep and two and a half meters in diameter. For a year it can grow up to a ton of sterlet.
In order for the fry to grow and develop, the pool must be equipped with filtration and aeration elements, and from time to time the tank must be cleaned. For this reason, those who decide to breed sterlet will need to purchase another compressor unit, pumps and filters.
If finances allow, it is advisable to buy an automatic feeder. When choosing a compressor and pump, you need to take such units, which will handle a little more water than you have. This is done to ensure that the equipment does not work at the limit of possibilities and lasts as long as possible. Over time, you can buy another pool and significantly expand the farm.
Forage and sterlet fry
It is very difficult to bring out sterlet fry at home, and without proper equipment and skills it is completely impossible. For this reason, it is best to purchase them at one of the proven fish farms engaged in the cultivation of this breed of sturgeon.
It’s not worth saving, because the better and healthier the fry are, the sooner they will grow, which means the breeder will be able to make a good profit. Regarding feed additives for starlet, there are some peculiarities that need to be considered when breeding. The food should be the same size as the fish. That is, for small fish - smaller, and for large individuals - more.
Feed additives for this sturgeon species should have a lot of calories and be rich in protein, lysine, fat, and fiber and phosphorus. Most of the food should contain exactly protein and fat.
For this reason, the feed is also not worth saving. It is better to buy it for starlet, as in this case it will fully meet its needs. Another feature of feeding is strict adherence to temperature. It should reach twenty-twenty-four degrees. Such a temperature regime must always be maintained in the reservoir, otherwise the fish will be poorly eaten and, accordingly, grow.
Peculiarities of home breeding sterlet
The most exciting question for farmers is when will the fish start to grow and make a profit. So how does the fry grow up?
Often for breeding sterlet take five grams of fry. They all grow in different ways. Within six months, half of the fish can weigh five hundred grams, the second half will weigh less, and after a while it will “overtake” by the weight of the more “well-fed” brethren.
The most popular product is fish that weighs five hundred grams or more. She willingly take the owners of supermarkets and restaurants. In our country, the consumption of sterlet is not too high, but all the same, since there is practically no such fish on the market, it diverges with a bang. For this reason, this type of business is considered very profitable.
After the largest individuals have grown, the smaller ones need a few more months to grow up. After a month and a half, medium-sized fish grows, and then grows smaller. Within nine months after landing in the pool of the first batch, you can upload a new one. If breeding goes well, you can purchase several more pools and expand the farm.
Growing sterlet as a business
You will surprise anyone with such a business as growing aquarium fish, but few people realize that a real mini farm for growing sterlet can be created at home. If you make this effort, you can earn very good money. Where to start building your successful business?
About business benefits
Sterlet belongs to the sturgeon family. It is quite simple and unpretentious in content, if you approach this with the mind. You can organize your mini farm even in apartment conditions. This is precisely the first advantage in growing sterlet. But there are the following advantages of this type of business:
- healthy meat and caviar: these products are in great demand on the market and the demand for them is growing every day;
- sterlet is unpretentious in its content and therefore even a novice can suffer the peculiarities of its rearing; to grow this type of sturgeon at home you will not need much money.
Of all the advantages listed above, one can say that the business of breeding sterlet is a fairly profitable occupation.
Choosing a place for breeding fish
It is possible to breed a sterlet in any conditions. The choice of location will not affect the final result, but only if you follow all the necessary instructions.
If the breeder decided to breed fish in a private house, he should provide for her a spacious room of thirty squares, which will be well heated, especially in winter.
In winter, in order for the sterlet to grow and develop normally, it must provide a temperature regime of not less than seventeen degrees, and in summer the temperature should not fall below twenty degrees. Also for its cultivation you can use a polycarbonate greenhouse, in which you can put a plastic basin.
Place to stay fry
If the breeder has the necessary capital, it is best to buy special equipment from the manufacturer. After installation, it can be used immediately, and all the necessary details will be included in it.
If the money for the purchase of equipment is not too much, you can create it yourself. To do this, you can use the meter plastic pool with a diameter of from two to three meters: you can grow about a ton of sterlet in it per year.
In order to create normal conditions for the life of the fish pool, it is necessary to equip with aerators, compressors and filters. You will also need pumping equipment, as the pool must be cleaned. To grow sturgeon was easier, the pool must be equipped with an automatic feeder. Special care must be taken when choosing a pump and compressor. You need to buy powerful units, as they will last much longer than their low-power counterparts.
Purchase fry
Breeding sterlet begins with the purchase of fry. It is best to do this in specialized fish farms with a proven reputation. You should not take the first fry, you must consult with specialists before purchasing them in order to purchase really high-quality fish that will not die out in a few days.
Choosing the right feed
Breeding sterlet is quite simple, the main thing is to choose the right food. Since the sterlet prefers to eat at the bottom, it is necessary to buy only that food that sinks and smells good, as the fish mostly look for it by smell.
Also, the feed should not break and crumble in water. For starlet, this is important because she does not swallow it right away, but eats gradually. In addition, the feed should be soft, high-calorie tasty and contain protein, phosphorus, fiber, lysine and fats. On such additives, fish not only grow well, but do not get sick.
Growing sterlet in a pond
Breeding starlets in an apartment or house, is quite simple, but still has its drawbacks. For example, they can include a small area, maintaining the necessary microclimate and so on. It is much easier to breed fish in a pond.
It can be grown both in ready, and in the created reservoir. If the pond is old, then before launching the fry, it must be cleaned.
If you create a pond yourself, you must first lime it. To do this, it is necessary to cover a small lime layer on the bottom, fill it with water and rinse thoroughly. This procedure is carried out a couple of weeks before the launch of the fish.
The bottom is best shaped as a bowl. Do not forget about the algae and various living creatures that fish will consume. You can wind up in the pond and shellfish. To start the fry best of all is the beginning of summer.
An example of a successful business
As an example of home breeding sterlet, you can cite the mini farm of Alexander Yemtsev from Art. Dolzhanskaya Yeisk district. He organized a minifarm in a pond in the courtyard of a proper house. He not only breeds fish for sale, but also in his free time he fishes with his friends in his home pond. Alexander plans to create two more such reservoirs and cultivate other sturgeon breeds.
Growing sturgeon at home is quite profitable and under all conditions, it is quite simple. Therefore, if you want to do the breeding of fish, feel free to start the implementation of the dream.
