According to its agrotechnology, cauliflower is similar to the early white cabbage, but it is more demanding to the conditions of growth, it needs careful observance of all agrotechnical techniques. Any deviations dramatically reduce the quality of commercial products.

Cauliflower Growing Conditions

The most suitable for growing cauliflower temperature is from +15 to + 18 ° С. Prolonged exposure to low temperatures leads to the formation of small tasteless heads. Hardened seedlings tolerate frosts down to -5 ° C; in adult specimens, productive organs are damaged at -2-3 ° C; in later varieties, at -5 ° C. Increased temperature also inhibits the development of plants. At + 25 ° C and higher, especially in combination with low humidity, the growth of the heads stops, they become loose.

The plant is light-requiring, placed in sunny, closed from the cold winds areas, with thickened or shaded plantings pulled out, more exposed to disease.

With a long light bottom, heads are formed earlier, but more quickly break up into flowering shoots, with a short one they grow more dense and large, but they form later.

Culture develops well on humus-rich, loose soils with a neutral or slightly acid reaction. If necessary, the site for planting in the fall lime. In the spring organic fertilizers are applied, their advantage is the presence of such trace elements as boron, molybdenum, copper, to the lack of which plants are sensitive. When using mineral fertilizers, trace elements, if necessary, are added.

Growing cauliflower seedlings

Cauliflower planting is carried out by seedlings. Sowing is done several times with an interval of 10-14 days. For early consumption, seeds are sown in heated greenhouses or under film shelters in mid-March, planted in the ground in early May. For summer use, sowing is done in the ground in mid-May, for late from late June to early July, then 30-35 day-old seedlings are placed in a permanent place.

For cauliflower, growing seedlings has a lot in common with white cabbage. Seeds are sown at a distance of 10 mm, 30 mm between the rows are left, close up to a depth of 5-7 mm. The soil is abundantly watered and mulched with dry sand. Seeds germinate at a temperature of + 20-25 ° C, after which, so that the seedlings do not stretch out, seedlings are kept at + 10 ° C for a week, then raised to + 17-18 ° C during the day, + 9 ° C at night. Temperatures above 20 ° C are unfavorable for the further formation of the heads.

After 10 days, the seedlings dive, deepening to the cotyledons, then regularly watered. The lack of moisture during this period leads to a decrease in the quality of future heads, but an overabundance is harmful, causing black leg disease.

To stimulate growth, several dressings are carried out, the first - a week after the picking, the second - in the phase of 4 sheets. Feed up with nitrogen or complex mineral fertilizers. Then after 10 days spend dressing with trace elements (boric acid, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate). A feature of cauliflower is the high need for seedlings in molybdenum and boron, therefore, if there are 2-3 sheets, foliar feeding with molybdenum ammonium and boric acid is recommended.

Before planting in the ground, young plants are hardened for several days; at low temperatures, planting is postponed to prevent color flow. Planted under the scheme 50x25 cm

Cauliflower care, harvest and storage

Further care of the cauliflower is timely watering, weeding, loosening and dressing.

The soil under the plants should be wet, especially immediately after planting in the ground and at the time of the formation of the heads. The lack of moisture in this period leads to a further deterioration in product quality and a decrease in yield.

During the season, cabbage is fed 1-3 times, using organic and mineral fertilizers. To prevent the accumulation of nitrates, after the formation of the head, the feeding is stopped.

Plants spud 20 days after landing in the ground, then again after 10 days. Due to the superficial location of the roots, instead of hilling, it is recommended that land be added to the stems.

To preserve the white color, the forming heads are shaded from the sun's rays, cracking or simply tying the upper sheets.

Cleaning is done selectively as it ripens in 2-3 terms, cutting off the heads together with 3-4 rosette leaves.

For storage, cauliflower is placed in boxes, covered with polyethylene and placed in a cold room with a temperature of 0 to 0, 5 ° C and humidity of 90-95%. In such conditions, the product retains its presentation for up to 2-3 months.

See also: Botanical characteristics of cauliflower These green species had a wide geographic spread, content and, above all, farms, limited maturation periods. The consequence of this has always been the presence of a limited, heterogeneous and inaccessible product in the entire cauliflower production as a whole. However, they are varieties that, in terms of appearance, taste, and better resistance to cold, have contributed to the increase and diversification of market offerings in a species that several years ago saw absolute dominance of the white types.

Types of spices (with photo and names)

Conditions for a good, big harvest

Growing cucumber seedlings

Planting and growing carrots

Cultivation of bell pepper

Growing green onions

Growing onion bulb However, in Romanesco during the productive period there was an insufficient and constant quality of the inflorescences. Even today, this positive collaboration continues. The success of the hybrid of the Romanesque type is especially high for the quality qualities of this ancient variety, characterized by excellent taste and truly impressive head shape. This inflorescence, consisting of emerald green fodder. very pointed and spiral shape, which is always repeated, as in a fractal. Increasingly and correctly fruits and vegetables are correlated with colors and positive positive properties due to the higher content of antioxidant compounds.

Cauliflower Crop

Cleaning beetroot and storage

Wonderful garden - how to grow plants in the greenhouse

When is it better to start planting vegetables in the garden

Tillage to prepare for planting

How to choose a good plant nursery Hence the importance of expanding the varietal landscape of cauliflower with new orange ingredients, because they are enriched with carotenes. This is not an easy job, because a mutant or has pleiotropic effects on other important characters, but several lines have already been prepared that are ready for hybridization. Enriching fortified cabbage with provitamin A is also a biological confirmation of a plant that is already considered a functional food product. When growing horticulture cultivation of cauliflower, depending on the duration of the harvest cycle, may represent the main or intermediate crops. In traditional farming systems, cereals are respected, while specialized horticultural systems may follow Solaceans or other summer species. The duration of the growing cycle is influenced by the cold demand from the plants on the root development. This species prefers fresh and moist areas and wetlands; Irrigation is extremely important in the early vegetative phases, especially in summer, and the lack of water in the first stage of breeding can also cause blooming.

Growing cucumbers in the open field. Practical advice from experienced gardeners.

How to grow cucumbers in the greenhouse

Growing in a greenhouse tomatoes

On the benefits of home gardening

Planting an apple orchard

Spice growing For transplantation, be it professional cultivation or small farms in family gardens, seedlings from specialized nurseries are used almost exclusively, and after seedlings have been created on the farm, and the roots have been replanted naked. The plant has a remarkable breathing surface because of the large and numerous leaves that characterize it, therefore the availability of water is necessary for a good harvest. Inflorescence at the stages of increasing and maturing fears, especially on varieties of spring-spring varieties, high temperatures and winds, which often cause serious defects that can lead to product depreciation or even non-market products.

Growing flowers for bouquets

Growing eggplants in the greenhouse

How to grape grapes

udec.ru

Growing cauliflower

Biological properties of cauliflower

Cauliflower in the first year forms both a head and seeds. The head is a strongly overgrown top of the stem in the phase of transition to flowering. It may be white, yellowish or purple in color. Outside, 15-20 well-developed leaves surround the head, small, underdeveloped leaves are located around and inside the head. The head of cauliflower begins to form when there are 9-12 leaves, in the early ripe - with a smaller number of leaves. As soon as the visible head phase begins, it begins to flow into it. nutrients from the leaves. The rosette of leaves continues to grow, but much slower than before the formation of the head. This feature is widely used for growing cauliflower without access of light in a protected ground. The process is solely due to the outflow of previously accumulated nutrients from the leaves into the head.

Cauliflower belongs to the long-day, light-requiring and cold-resistant crops. Adult, adapted to the open air seedlings, withstand short-term frost to -4-5 ° C. With a long cold snap, the leaves acquire a purple hue, and the growth of the plants stops. The heads of early cabbage are damaged by a temperature of -2-3 ° C, late-ripening - withstand frosts to -5 ° C.

Depending on the temperature conditions, the heads are formed during a different period of time. For example, in the conditions of the Moscow region, cauliflower heads are formed: at + 21 ° C - in 10-12 days, at + 13 + 15 ° C - in 21-23 days, and in the autumn at + 7 + 9 ° C - in 40-45 days, and do not crumble. At a temperature of + 4 + 5 ° C, the heads almost do not give an increase. Low temperatures inhibit the development of plants even in lesser degreethan high.

Cabbage is demanding of moisture throughout the entire period of cultivation, especially after transplanting seedlings into the ground. A good harvest of cauliflower can be obtained only in irrigated areas. Having an increased metabolism, it is very demanding on soil fertility. A good effect on cabbage irrigation sprinkling, especially in hot weather. The duration of the growing season depends on the biological characteristics of varieties and hybrids. But it can also vary due to weather and agronomic conditions.

Planting seedlings for a permanent place and caring for plants

Planted and mixed seedlings

The selection of the site, the precursors and the preparation of the soil for cauliflower are the same as for white cabbage (see). When grown on sandy and loamy soils, a crop must be applied (g / m2): ammonium nitrate 25-30, superphosphate 20-25, potash fertilizers 40-50. When grown on floodplain or peat soils of potash fertilizers - 50-60 g / m2.

Cauliflower does not grow on acidic soils, therefore, depending on the acidity under autumn digging, 200-800 g of dolomite flour per 1 m2 are introduced. To save, you can make it directly into the hole when planting 20-50 g, followed by thorough mixing with the soil.

On heavy soils and slightly warmed areas of the ridge, cabbage is placed from south to north, with a slope to the south to 10-15 °. Rows of cabbage while doing across the ridges. Thus, plants are better lit and heated by the sun.

For the constant flow of fresh produce to the table, cabbage seedlings can be planted in a conveyor way every 10-14 days. For early disembarkation in late April - early May, 50-60-day seedlings are optimal. In this case, finished products begin to arrive at the end of June and throughout the first decade of July. Significant cooling is still possible during these periods, so an emergency shelter should be provided for such an event. In case of prolonged cold weather, the leaves of early cabbage can acquire a purple hue, which disappears after normal weather is established and after top dressing. Negative temperatures leave damage to the leaves as white spots.

When spring-summer and summer-autumn culture is optimal 40-45 day seedlings. The allowable range is 35-50 days.

For early spring cultivation, early-ripening, early and mid-early varieties and hybrids are cultivated. For spring-summer period, varieties and hybrids from mid-early to late ripening are suitable.

Planting cauliflower

Planting pattern 60-70 x 20-25cm, depending on the characteristics of the variety or hybrid. Agrotechnika planting seedlings, like white cabbage (see Growing white cabbage). After planting, if the weather is dry, it is good to mulch the soil around the plants with peat or humus in the form of a “collar” in a thin layer, to preserve moisture and to avoid the formation of a soil crust.

Cauliflower needs constant maintenance of the soil loose and weed-free. Loosening is carried out until the closure of plants between rows. The first loosening is done in 3-5 days after transplanting. Closer to plants - to a depth of 5-6 cm, and between rows - by 6-8 cm. After loosening, the plants are additionally watered, if necessary.

The second loosening is carried out 10-12 days after planting and give the first feeding, combining it with watering.

If fertilizers are spread out in a dry form, then 20–25 g per ammonia nitrate are consumed per 1 m2, 15–20 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potash fertilizer are used for ammonium nitrate. After the fertilizer is applied, it is necessary to irrigate it by sprinkling, in order to wash off the fertilizer inadvertently on the leaflets. Otherwise, there may be burns on the leaves, especially if they are wet.

It is better to make fertilizer in the form of a solution, especially in dry weather. For 10 liters of water it is necessary to take: ammonium nitrate 30 g, superphosphate 40 g, and 20 g of potash fertilizer. Consumption of the working solution - 1 liter under the plant.

In the early spring period with the first feeding, it is good to give the following fertilizers: 20 g of ammonium nitrate, 40 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potash fertilizer are added to 10 l of mullein 1: 6 solution or 1:10 chicken manure. Consumption of a working solution of 1 liter under the plant.

After the soil is ventilated, the cabbage is podkochuyut slightly the first time, the second hilling is carried out two weeks after the first.

During the period of intensive growth of leaves and at the beginning of the formation of feeding heads, they give the following composition (dry g / m2): ammonium nitrate 15-20, superphosphate 20-25 and potash fertilizer 10-15.

The following solution is made from organic fertilizers: for 10 l of a mullein solution 1: 6 or for chicken manure 1:10, ammonium nitrate 30 g, superphosphate 80 g and potassium fertilizer 40 g are added. Consumption of a working solution 1 l for a plant.

In the absence of mullein and chicken manure, you can purchase dry granulated chicken manure, Biud liquid cow manure, or Biud, Bucefal, and Kaury horse horse manure in stores. For those who are inconvenient to make fertilizers themselves, there is on sale ready-made complex fertilizers for cabbage: Agricola, Kaliyfos-N, Hera for Cabbage, Cabbage, etc.

It is better to alternate between organic and mineral supplements. Depending on the fertility of the soil and the duration of the growing season (early maturity), 1-3 additional feeding is carried out during the growing period. After dressing the plants it is good to pour a mixture of turf land with compost or humus.

For more uniformly developed plants, it is good to give regular (fractional) weekly feedings. In this case, the amount of fertilizer for the normal feeding is divided by the number of fractional feeding and applied in the form of a weak solution. For example, timing them to the next watering.

Approximately at this stage spend
  the last feeding

Cauliflower does not work well on acidic soils, and constant difficulties arise with it. To maintain the soil in a slightly alkaline state, once every 2-3 weeks under the cabbage plants, you can make a solution of calcium nitrate (3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water). Either a solution of dolomite flour or lime (1 cup per 10 liters of water). Consumption of a working solution of 0.5 liters under the plant. When using calcium nitrate, doses of nitrogen fertilizers should be slightly reduced. When making a solution of dolomite flour or lime, the liquid must be constantly stirred to evenly distributed sediment.

The last dressing of cauliflower is carried out no later than 10 days after the beginning of the formation of heads, otherwise their quality deteriorates and the accumulation of nitrates occurs.

Above it was a question of fractional dressings of cabbage. Very convenient to use and effectively environmentally friendly universal long-acting organic fertilizer Siertuin-AZ  (NPK 7-6-6), available for sale in major cities. It is able to replace all the above-mentioned mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as enrich the soil with beneficial microflora, which suppresses the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and increases the availability of nutrients for plants. It is enough to use it only twice - introducing into the soil 7-10 days after transplanting, and then at the beginning of the formation of the heads. The amount of fertilizer taken is 5-6 times less than that indicated on the package, approximately 10 g per 1 m2.

In the absence of this fertilizer, it is possible when planting seedlings to put into the holes the Root feeder (long-acting granular fertilizer in permeable sachets). It also gives good results and eliminates fractional fertilization.

Possible physiological growth disorders

The quality of cauliflower heads is directly related to the “quality” of the leaf apparatus. Depending on the varietal characteristics, the plant should be 16-20 well-developed leaves. Therefore, in the period of intensive growth of leaves, plants need a sufficient amount of available nitrogen. With its lack of leaves become light in color, the growth of plants slows down, the heads are flat and loose. With an excess amount of nitrogen, on the contrary, the heads are strongly convex, heavy and watery, their quality decreases. The leaf apparatus at the same time greatly expands and the plants accumulate a high content of nitrates.

During the growth of the heads, the plants need potassium and phosphorus. Lack of phosphorus, as well as excess leads to the formation of underdeveloped small heads. Potassium blocks excess intake of nitrogen, promotes the formation of high-quality dense heads and increases the resistance of plants to diseases. A lack of potassium causes drying of the edges of the leaves and the appearance of brown spots on them. Trace elements are also very important. They help optimize the growth and development of plants. Their lack leads to a decrease in yield and deterioration in the quality of the heads.

Shading heads

Cauliflower constantly needs watering, the greatest need for water falls on the head formation phase. If in the initial period of growth of the planted seedlings the soil dries out due to insufficient watering, then the cabbage later (even if later watered and fed “for slaughter”) forms non-commodity heads. The approximate amount of cauliflower irrigation during the growing season for central Russia with the usual level of precipitation: early spring culture - 6-8, summer - 10-12, summer-autumn - 8-10. Depending on the development of plants, the root system, the structure and condition of the soil, 40-60 l / m2 are consumed per irrigation. This amount of water should be poured not immediately, but within 15-30 minutes of watering, preferably by sprinkling. To preserve moisture, the soil after irrigation can be slightly mulched with compost, peat or humus. For more information about the various methods of irrigation, their advantages and disadvantages in various types of soil and reliefs, you can learn from the article Ways to water white cabbage.

In the agricultural technology of cauliflower there is a very important technique, which is not used on other cabbage cultures, but without which it is impossible to obtain high-quality products. shading heads. If you ignore this event, then all your previous work may be in vain. Heads in the direct sun will turn pink or yellow and quickly crumble or grow. In June-July the shading of the heads is especially necessary. To cover the head, a couple of large leaves of the rosette are cracked, or the leaves are used from neighboring plants. Leaves can not be cracked, but simply connect 2-3 pieces. and fasten together over the cabbage head. This should be done in a timely manner, as soon as the cabbage reaches the phase of the visible head.

Some cauliflower varieties have a well-covered leaf head: Summer Resident, Marvel 4 Seasons, Regent MS, Sugar Glaze, Snowdrift, Celeste, Express MS.

Cauliflower in compacted and replanting

Cauliflower works well in compacted and re-culture. Re-planting is carried out after harvesting early spring greenery and root crops. Removing them at the end of May, the first half of June, the ground is occupied by cauliflower seedlings, 40-45 days old. From the old known varieties for this purpose are best suited Guarantee, MOVIR74, Patriotic. The yield is approximately 1.5 kg / m2. This method is especially widely used by gardeners in small areas for more efficient use of land. For these purposes, they always maintain a small stock of seedlings in the nursery.

You can grow cauliflower in re-culture and seedless way. But the yield is lower, about 1.2 kg / m2.

Cauliflower can be used as a sealant for white cabbage (see Growing white cabbage). As a sealant for cauliflower, early green crops and radishes are used. They are sown or planted seedlings in every second aisle of cabbage in two lines with a distance of 10-15 cm between the lines. Cauliflower adjoins very well with celery, which frightens away the cabbage fly.

Literature:

1. Cabbage. // Book series “Household farm”. M. "Rural Nov", 1998.

2. Matveev V.P., Rubtsov M.I. Vegetable. M .: Agropromizdat, 1985. 431 p.

3. Andreev Yu.M., Golik S.V. Growing cauliflower with growth regulators // Bulletin of the vegetable grower. 2011. No. 4. P. 13-20.

greeninfo.ru

Growing cauliflower

Cauliflower  - An annual or winter plant, early ripening, characterized by high demands on fertility and soil moisture, the Kapustov family.

They eat the head consisting of numerous delicate shoots with buds of inflorescences. The color of the heads is white, green and sometimes violet.

Fig. Cauliflower

Culture does not tolerate transplanting without pots. For the formation of a good head requires a socket of 16-20 well-developed leaves. During the period of growth of leaves, a temperature not higher than 18-20 ° C is necessary. In the heat, when there is a lack of moisture and low air humidity, growth prematurely stops, resulting in the formation of small heads.

Cauliflower is a valuable dietary product. It is used for cooking soups, main dishes, canned, frozen. Eat a white head, formed from accrete undeveloped flowering shoots. Cauliflower leaves are also rich in nutrients and are also eaten. The leaves are washed, cut in large pieces (10 cm), boiled in salted water and served as a side dish, adding vegetable oil.

Cauliflower is appreciated for its precocity. Its early ripening varieties give high yields in both open and protected ground at the earliest periods, 2-3 weeks earlier than early ripening varieties of white cabbage.

Preparation of soil for cauliflower

Colored drops later require a very fertile soil rich in humus. When growing on light soils, it is necessary to deposit large amounts of manure and systematically water the plants.

Cauliflower is usually grown in the first year after application of manure, while the doses of mineral fertilizers and the timing of their application are the same as for cabbage. It should be noted that an excess of nitrogen leads to a decrease in the density of the heads.

Growing and planting cauliflower seedlings

For earlier harvests, cauliflowers are grown in early terms (March, April) seedlings. The soil for growing cauliflower seedlings should be lighter than for seedlings of other types of cabbage. Cauliflower seedlings grown in a greenhouse are transplanted into open ground  depending on weather conditions in April, and under the film shelter - 10-15 days earlier.

Seeds are sown at a distance between rows of 10 cm, in a row - 5-6 cm. Rossad should not outgrow, since in this case “button” sockets can form. It must be remembered that seedlings are sensitive even to short-term deficiency of water and nutrients. Seedlings are planted in a permanent place after at least 4 true leaves are formed. A bed is dug up on depth of 10-12 cm. Seedling is planted according to the scheme: 50 cm between rows, in a row - 25-30 cm.

Cauliflower care

Cauliflower - light-loving culture. To get a good head, you first need to form a growth of leaves up to 10-12 pieces. To do this, after planting seedlings need to monitor watering to the soil was wet.

In order for cauliflower heads to be white and dense, they must be protected from direct sunlight by cracking or tying rosette leaves above them. If this is not done, they may turn yellow or acquire a brown and even purple color. Instead of tying, you can pull the leaves over the head with a rubber ring (this is done when the heads reach the size of a walnut).

In October, if frosts occur, and the heads have not yet grown, they dig up the plants together with the roots and carefully drop them in the greenhouse, fill the roots with soil, which is well compacted and watered. At low air temperatures, the greenhouse is covered with frames. With this head continues to grow. Cauliflower can be added in the same way in the basement.

Harvesting and storing cauliflower crop

Cauliflower is harvested as the heads grow, every few days. The heads are cut with a sharp knife along with several protective rosette leaves. Heads not cut in time turn yellow and crumble.

Cauliflower can be stored for 2-3 months. With a longer period of time, the heads turn yellow. Healthy plants are taken for storage, the leaves are left intact or shortened above the head and placed in boxes lined with plastic wrap. You can use bags of plastic film, putting there one or two heads. They are tied and made two or three holes with a diameter of 8-10 mm.

sovetov-more.ru

Cauliflower. Growing cauliflower.

— Cauliflower cultivation and care. I remember well the times when cauliflower  I managed every season, and the harvest was enough not only for my family, but also for my daughter's family. And in the autumn there were so many of them that I buried the not-tall heads in the trenches, and preserved the ripe ones, and I had enough of my favorite vegetable for the whole winter. I can’t say that there was a lot of knowledge to grow it, that the selection of seeds was the same as today, but come and go ... But when failures become permanent, you begin to remember the proverb: a fool seeks a cause in others, and a clever one - in himself. Yes, cauliflower does not tolerate high temperatures, turns yellow in the sun in the heat, requires fertile soil. But even considering and correcting deficiencies, it becomes more difficult to boast a good harvest. Analyzing the omissions, I came to the following conclusion. In no case do not plant cauliflower after the white and kohlrabi, radish, radish, i.e. after crucifers. Best of all - after peas, beans, onions, tomatoes and potatoes. Especially if under these predecessors a lot of organic fertilizers were applied. To get the harvest as early as possible, it is necessary to find a plot with a southern or southeastern slope, protected from the cold spring winds, and covered with several berry bushes from the north. Fertilizer beds  and the subsequent feeding (there are four of them) is carried out in the same way as for white cabbage, with the difference that it is obligatory to add a tablespoon of urea to usual doses and a teaspoon of phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients, first of all boric acid. Speaking of boric acid. If the heads are badly tied, it is hot and there is no rain, in order to accelerate the formation of heads, it is necessary to regularly conduct foliar fertilizing with boron: one to two grams per 10 l of water. For normal head growth  we need average temperature and high humidity, so in dry hot weather, cabbage should be watered daily, constantly loosened, nadryvat and over-knit wide leaves above the heads, and even better to do something like a light canopy so that the ovary is not baked. Today, seed shops sell a lot of cauliflower seeds, including from Holland, Germany, and England. We have nothing against the quality of these seeds, but it must be remembered that the climate in these countries is less hot and more humid. Hence the conclusion: perhaps we should sow our varieties, which are more adapted to our extreme conditions: Movir, Alpha, Express, Guarantee, Domestic. No ovary on cauliflower Every year, cauliflower grows high, to the waist, but the ovary does not. What is the reason? Perhaps you are buying late-grade seeds that require rearing in the basement? But there are after all other varieties that are distinguished by precocity and ripening 70 days from the date of transplanting. You should try to get seeds or seedlings of early varieties. If they do not yield a crop either, then failure lies in agricultural technology. Cauliflower is very demanding on growing conditions. She, for example, does not tolerate a stop in growth. This usually happens during transplanting, when the roots take time to settle down and begin to feed the aboveground part. Therefore, it is better to replant the seedlings with a clod of earth to a permanent place, cutting it with a knife. But it is best to grow it in pots. Has the meaning and the air temperature at which the seedlings are planted. Prolonged cold weather at this time can lead to the formation of small heads. You can not place the plants in low-lying places where cold air stagnates. Cauliflower likes moist soil and does not tolerate drought at all. If during the period when heads are to be tied up, she is thirsty for 3-4 days, then the result can be deplorable. For the harvest in this case, it is usually not generous. When it is not possible to water this cabbage at least every other day, it is worth resorting to mulching the soil. For this purpose, you can use not only scarce humus or compost, but also grass, weeds (of course, without seeds). Another position in which cauliflower overstates the requirements - is feeding. First time nutrients  It is advisable to bring in 10-12 days after transplanting, using a solution of mullein. After another 1.5-2 weeks to feed the mullein, adding ash. When the heads begin to form, a third additional feeding is needed: mullein and ash. What cauliflower dislikes is acidic and peaty soil. Here she may lack such a trace element as molybdenum. Therefore, with increased acidity of the soil in the beds, where next year there will be this crop, lime should be added during the autumn digging. Growing cauliflower. He does not want to grow cauliflower in my beds: the heads are either very small or they do not form at all. I grow up the MOVIR-74. Today I think to change the variety, but I don’t know which ones. With your efforts, everything will fall into place if you pick a variety with the right period of cultivation. For early production, first sow seeds of varieties and hybrids of early ripening seeds on seedlings. This may be, for example, Profil, Robert, Malimba, Lateman, Good-Man. To get a harvest  in July - early August, early varieties are recommended to be sown in March, and seedlings should be planted in the ground in late April - early May. For harvest in late August - September, cabbage is sown in a hotbed in May, and seedlings are transferred to the garden bed in June. Mid-season varieties and hybrids  can be sown immediately in the ground. These include Asterix, Avizo, Montano, Fargo, Cortes, Candide Sharm, Syria, Fremong. Famous scientist agronomist V.D. Davydov in one of his publications emphasizes that the cauliflower does not like the temperature above 25 degrees (and we, as we know, another, as a rule, does not happen). In this regard, he advises sowing in the southern and southeastern regions of the country a hybrid Ameyzin cauliflower: With proper care, it gives large, dazzling white heads in a hot climate. Cauliflower care. But the combination of high temperature and low soil and air humidity, as well as sharp fluctuations in temperature and humidity, have a particularly adverse effect on the development of cauliflower. In our conditions at high temperatures and frequent droughts, decent cauliflower heads can be obtained only with reliable watering. In the first days after planting, the root system grows weakly. Therefore, it is very important to loosen the soil in a timely manner, water, remove weeds and feed the plants with nitrogen fertilizers - 10-15 g per square meter. In this regard, it is necessary to emphasize that cauliflower does not tolerate fertilizers containing chlorine. But on the other hand, with a fairly high content of potassium and phosphorus in the soil, the application of nitrogen fertilizers ensures good leaf growth and the formation of larger heads. This should be considered when feeding. Cauliflower food Both requirements are easily explained. The fact is that cauliflowers have a weak, fibrous root system, which is located close to the soil surface. That is why the plant reacts sharply to the drying of the upper layer, as well as to the availability of its nutrients. The first real feeding  swipe after emergence. To do this, ten liters of water will need to be diluted with a tablespoon of urea and pour 0.5 liters of diluted (1:10) mullein. Instead, it will be possible to feed the cabbage with ammonium nitrate and potassium magnesia (one teaspoon per ten liters of water). When the head reaches the value of walnutin second feeding  in ten liters of water should be poured 0.5 liters of diluted to bird droppings, add a tablespoon of complex mineral fertilizer with trace elements. One plant needs to spend one liter of solution. Cauliflower responds very well to foliar feeding (spraying) on ​​the leaves,  when the head reaches 5 cm. To do this, it will be necessary to dissolve a teaspoon of superphosphate, the same amount of potassium magnesium, 1 g of boric acid, 0.2 g of copper sulfate in ten liters of water. It is best to spray in the evening. To get high-quality, delicate and white heads, you need to cover them in time, bending or cracking two or three outer sheets, or tie them over the head. It is better to begin this work as soon as the heads appear. Troublesome all this? Probably. But cauliflower deserves it: in its taste and content beneficial substances  (for example, vitamins) it surpasses all of us our favorite white cabbage. Almost all my cauliflower was killed by a bear. I had to cook porridge, “flavor” it with poison and feed the insatiable “family”. But this did not increase the cauliflower. I heard that you can sow its seeds now and get the head of goods. Is it true? If you sow cabbage seeds  at the end of June - the first ten days of July, and then ensure proper care of the shoots - you will succeed. Judge for yourself. It takes 80-100 days to get cauliflower heads. You have them if you harvest it in October. Of course, growing quality cauliflower heads is not easy: at all stages of its development, it strongly reacts to deviations from optimal conditions. So, for example, with a lack of moisture plants lag behind in growth, with an excess - the roots choke. At temperatures above 25 degrees, the formation of heads is delayed in it, they become loose, of poor quality.

Cauliflower is truly a storehouse of mineral salts, vitamins, beneficial biological substances,  and people with diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract eat cauliflower simply because of its low fiber content.

The nutritional advantages of cauliflower exceeds the heading:  twice as rich as protein, two or three times ascorbic acid (vitamin C). It exceeds the heading and the content of alkaline mineral salts, which is very important with excessive consumption of protein foods. Due to the fine cellular structure, cauliflower is absorbed by the body more completely than other cabbages.

Cauliflower is a very demanding plant. To get a good head, you must have at least 20-25 large leaves on the plant. Particular attention should be paid to regular watering of plants that love moist soil and do not tolerate drought. A three-four-day lack of lags in the period of tying heads leads to the fact that the heads will turn out to be of poor quality, small, will immediately crumble. Therefore, during the growing period, the cauliflower is watered with a full rate (10-20 l per 1 sq. M) 4 ~ 5 times. In addition, plants need regular refreshing watering.

After watering when the soil dries out, it should be loosened immediately.  Between the plants in the row loosening should be carried out at a shallow depth so as not to damage the roots and timely destroy the weeds. Two weeks after planting, the plants spud.

Many of the dacha farmers grow cauliflower in greenhouses, which contributes to the early harvest. However, the early harvest of this vegetable can be obtained without greenhouses, for this purpose choose the early varieties of cabbage: Skorospelka, Movir, Early Gribovskaya 1355.